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Basic Science
intermediate
X-Type

Bone Graft Healing

Bone Biology

A 42-year-old man has a tibial nonunion at 9 months following ORIF of a high-energy open fracture. Radiographs show no bridging callus and a visible fracture line. He is otherwise healthy and a non-smoker. You plan revision fixation with bone grafting. The options include iliac crest autograft, allograft bone, and various bone graft substitutes. Regarding bone graft biology and healing:

Mark each as TRUE or FALSE

A

Bone grafts work through three mechanisms: osteogenesis (cells directly forming bone - only in autog...

B

Autograft sources include iliac crest (most common, cancellous and cortical), RIA from femur/tibia (...

C

Bone grafts only work through osteoconduction; osteogenesis occurs with allograft; osteoinduction is...

D

Allograft provides osteoconduction and (if demineralized) osteoinduction, but no osteogenesis; proce...

E

Bone graft substitutes include demineralized bone matrix (osteoinductive due to retained BMPs), cera...

Answer the questions to see explanations

Click T (True) or F (False) for each option