Musculoskeletal Biology
A 35-year-old man sustains a closed mid-shaft tibial fracture treated with an intramedullary nail allowing weight-bearing as tolerated. At his 6-week follow-up, radiographs show early callus formation at the fracture site. His surgeon explains the healing process and factors that influence fracture union. Regarding bone healing biology:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
Secondary (indirect) bone healing occurs through callus formation and involves four overlapping phas...
Primary (direct) bone healing occurs with absolute stability (rigid fixation, compression) and minim...
Primary healing occurs with motion at the fracture site and produces abundant callus; secondary heal...
The diamond concept for fracture healing includes: osteogenic cells (MSCs, osteoblasts), osteoconduc...
BMPs (bone morphogenetic proteins) are the most potent osteoinductive factors; BMP-2 and BMP-7 have ...
Answer the questions to see explanations
Click T (True) or F (False) for each option