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OrthoVellum

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Basic Science
intermediate
X-Type

Fracture Healing Biology

Bone Biology

A 35-year-old woman sustains a mid-shaft femur fracture treated with intramedullary nailing. At her 6-week follow-up, radiographs show peripheral callus formation at the fracture site. She asks about the healing process and why some fractures heal with visible callus while others do not. Regarding fracture healing:

Mark each as TRUE or FALSE

A

Secondary (indirect) fracture healing occurs with relative stability and some motion at the fracture...

B

Primary (direct) fracture healing occurs with absolute stability and direct bone-to-bone contact ach...

C

Primary healing is faster than secondary healing; callus formation indicates failed healing; intrame...

D

The diamond concept describes the four essential elements for fracture healing: osteogenic cells (MS...

E

Factors adversely affecting fracture healing include: patient factors (smoking, diabetes, malnutriti...

Answer the questions to see explanations

Click T (True) or F (False) for each option