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Basic Science
intermediate
X-Type

Study Design Types

Research Methodology

A pharmaceutical company sponsors a multicentre trial evaluating a new bisphosphonate for osteoporotic fracture prevention. Postmenopausal women with T-scores less than -2.5 are randomly assigned to receive either the new drug or placebo for 3 years. The primary outcome is incident vertebral fractures confirmed by radiography. Neither participants nor outcome assessors know group allocation. Regarding randomized controlled trial (RCT) methodology:

Mark each as TRUE or FALSE

A

Randomization reduces selection bias by ensuring that known and unknown confounders are equally dist...

B

Double-blinding (participant and assessor blinding) minimizes performance and detection bias; when b...

C

RCTs provide Level III evidence according to NHMRC and Oxford criteria; cohort studies provide highe...

D

Intention-to-treat analysis includes all participants as randomized regardless of compliance or cros...

E

Sample size calculation requires specification of expected effect size, acceptable Type I error (alp...

Answer the questions to see explanations

Click T (True) or F (False) for each option