Ligament Injuries
A 28-year-old female soccer player presents with recurrent ankle "giving way" episodes for 2 years following an initial inversion ankle sprain. She reports at least 5 episodes of her ankle "rolling" during sports, each followed by swelling. Examination reveals a positive anterior drawer test and talar tilt test. She has mild hindfoot varus alignment. Previous treatment with physical therapy and bracing has failed to control symptoms. Regarding chronic lateral ankle instability:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
The lateral ankle ligament complex includes the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), calcaneofibula...
Chronic instability has two components: mechanical (anatomic laxity from ligament damage, demonstrat...
The PTFL is the weakest and most commonly injured ligament; the ATFL resists eversion; chronic insta...
Non-operative treatment includes rehabilitation emphasizing peroneal strengthening, proprioceptive t...
The modified Brostrom procedure (anatomic repair with reinforcement from the inferior extensor retin...
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Click T (True) or F (False) for each option