Foot Disorders
A newborn male is noted to have bilateral foot deformities at birth. Examination shows feet in equinus, hindfoot varus, midfoot cavus, and forefoot adductus with medial skin creases. The deformities are rigid and cannot be passively corrected. The right foot scores 5 on the Pirani score and the left foot scores 4. There are no other abnormalities detected, and hip ultrasound is normal. Regarding congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot):
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Clubfoot is characterized by four components (CAVE): Cavus (forefoot plantar flexion relative to hin...
The Ponseti method is the gold standard treatment: serial manipulation and casting correcting deform...
Clubfoot is more common in females; the calcaneus is the primary abnormal bone; equinus should be co...
Percutaneous Achilles tenotomy is required in 80-90% of cases to correct residual equinus after cast...
Bracing with foot abduction orthosis (boots and bar) is critical for preventing recurrence: full-tim...
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Click T (True) or F (False) for each option