Foot Deformities
A 6-year-old boy is brought by concerned parents who notice he has "no arches." The child is asymptomatic, athletic, and has no functional limitations. Examination reveals bilateral flat feet with absence of the medial longitudinal arch in stance that reconstitutes with toe-standing and the Jack test (dorsiflexion of the hallux). Hindfoot shows mild valgus that corrects to neutral on tiptoe. No tightness of the Achilles tendon is noted. Regarding pediatric flexible flatfoot:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
Flexible flatfoot is present in 97% of children aged 1-2 years and decreases to approximately 4% by ...
The Jack test (Hubscher maneuver) involves passive dorsiflexion of the great toe which tensions the ...
All children with flexible flatfoot should be treated with orthotic insoles to prevent progression t...
Indications for treatment in pediatric flexible flatfoot include pain, functional limitation, abnorm...
A systematic review (Cochrane) found no evidence that foot orthoses alter the natural history of ped...
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Click T (True) or F (False) for each option