Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
A 4-year-old female presents with a 3-month history of right knee swelling and morning stiffness lasting 45 minutes. There is no history of trauma, fever, or rash. Examination reveals a warm, swollen right knee with limited flexion and a leg length discrepancy of 1cm (right longer). Blood tests show elevated ESR, normal CRP, positive ANA (1:320), and negative RF. Regarding the classification and diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis:
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JIA is defined as arthritis of unknown etiology beginning before age 16 years and persisting for at ...
Oligoarticular JIA affects 4 or fewer joints in the first 6 months and is the most common subtype (5...
Leg length discrepancy with the affected limb being longer is characteristic of unilateral knee JIA ...
Diagnosis requires positive RF and anti-CCP antibodies in all subtypes; systemic JIA presents primar...
Key differential diagnoses include septic arthritis (acute onset, fever, refusal to bear weight), re...
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