Spine Deformity
A 12-year-old girl is referred for evaluation of spinal curvature noticed by her school nurse. She is Tanner stage 2, pre-menarchal, with no back pain or neurological symptoms. Forward bend test reveals a right thoracic rib prominence. Standing radiographs show a right thoracic curve measuring 32 degrees with a Risser grade of 0. Regarding adolescent idiopathic scoliosis:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is defined as lateral curvature greater than 10 degrees in a p...
Risk factors for curve progression include female sex, younger age at diagnosis, lower Risser grade ...
Bracing has been proven ineffective for AIS management; curves less than 10 degrees always require t...
The BrAIST study demonstrated that bracing significantly reduces curve progression in AIS compared t...
Surgical treatment involves posterior spinal fusion with instrumentation (pedicle screws); the goal ...
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Click T (True) or F (False) for each option