Congenital Shoulder Disorders
A 4-year-old girl is brought by her parents with concerns about her shoulder appearance. The left shoulder appears elevated and smaller compared to the right. She has difficulty raising her left arm above her head. On examination, the left scapula is elevated, hypoplastic, and rotated with the inferior angle pointing medially. A hard bony prominence is palpable between the scapula and the cervical spine. The neck appears short. Regarding Sprengel deformity:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
Sprengel deformity is a congenital elevation of the scapula resulting from failure of the scapula to...
An omovertebral bone or fibrous band is present in approximately 30-50% of cases, connecting the sup...
Sprengel deformity results from the scapula descending too far caudally; the scapula is enlarged and...
The Cavendish classification grades severity: Grade I (mild, shoulders level when clothed), Grade II...
Surgical treatment involves scapular repositioning (Woodward procedure involves detachment and cauda...
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Click T (True) or F (False) for each option