Paediatric Spine
A 13-year-old girl is referred with an asymmetric waistline noticed by her mother. She had menarche 6 months ago. Examination reveals a right thoracic rib prominence on forward bend (Adams test). Standing radiographs show a right thoracic curve measuring 32 degrees by Cobb angle. The Risser sign is grade 2. She has no neurological symptoms or signs. Regarding adolescent idiopathic scoliosis:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of scoliosis, affecting 2-3% of adoles...
The Cobb angle is measured from the superior endplate of the most tilted vertebra above and inferior...
Left thoracic curves are benign and never need investigation; Risser 5 indicates maximum growth rema...
Progression risk depends on curve magnitude and remaining growth: curves greater than 30 degrees at ...
Surgical indications include curves greater than 45-50 degrees in growing children or greater than 5...
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Click T (True) or F (False) for each option