Congenital Spine Disorders
A 14-year-old girl is referred for evaluation of limited neck motion noticed during a sports physical. She has no pain or neurological symptoms. Examination reveals a short neck, low posterior hairline, and severely restricted cervical rotation. X-rays show congenital fusion of C2-C3 and C5-C6. MRI reveals no cord abnormalities. Renal ultrasound shows a single kidney. Audiometry is normal. Regarding Klippel-Feil syndrome:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
Klippel-Feil syndrome is characterized by congenital fusion of cervical vertebrae; the classic triad...
The Samartzis classification categorizes fusion patterns: Type I (single level fusion), Type II (mul...
Klippel-Feil syndrome is an isolated spine condition with no systemic associations; renal abnormalit...
Associated anomalies include renal abnormalities (35% - unilateral agenesis, horseshoe kidney), Spre...
Most patients with Klippel-Feil syndrome are asymptomatic and require observation; indications for s...
Answer the questions to see explanations
Click T (True) or F (False) for each option