Spinal Deformity
A 13-year-old girl is referred after a school screening detected spinal asymmetry. She is pre-menarchal with Tanner stage 3 breast development. Examination reveals a right thoracic rib hump on forward bending and uneven shoulder heights. Standing radiographs show a right thoracic curve measuring 32 degrees by the Cobb method. Her Risser sign is grade 1. Regarding adolescent idiopathic scoliosis:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity occurring in children ...
Curve magnitude is measured by the Cobb angle on standing PA radiograph; the Risser sign grades ilia...
Left thoracic curves are most common and require no further investigation; boys and girls are equall...
Treatment is based on curve magnitude, skeletal maturity, and progression risk; observation is appro...
Surgical fusion is indicated for curves greater than 45-50 degrees in skeletally immature patients o...
Answer the questions to see explanations
Click T (True) or F (False) for each option