Shoulder Instability
A 28-year-old male rugby player presents with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocations. He has had four episodes over the past 2 years, with the most recent occurring during a tackle. MRI arthrogram shows an intact labrum but there is an abnormal "J-sign" appearance on the sagittal images and pooling of contrast along the medial humeral neck. Arthroscopy is planned. Regarding the anatomy and diagnosis of this lesion:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
A HAGL (Humeral Avulsion of the Glenohumeral Ligament) lesion involves avulsion of the inferior glen...
The inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) complex is the primary static stabilizer against anterior ...
HAGL lesions are always visible on standard MRI without contrast; the lesion is best seen on axial i...
MRI arthrogram findings of HAGL include the "J-sign" on sagittal images (contrast extending along me...
Variants of HAGL include BHAGL (bony HAGL with a bone fragment from the humerus), RHAGL (reverse HAG...
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Click T (True) or F (False) for each option