Shoulder Pathology
A 55-year-old man presents with anterior shoulder pain after a fall onto an outstretched hand 3 months ago. He reports weakness with internal rotation activities and difficulty tucking in his shirt. Examination reveals increased passive external rotation compared to the contralateral side and weakness of internal rotation. The long head of biceps tendon appears subluxed on ultrasound. Regarding subscapularis examination and diagnosis:
Mark each as TRUE or FALSE
The lift-off test (Gerber) is performed with the hand behind the back at the waist; inability to lif...
The belly-press test is performed with the elbow at the side pressing into the abdomen; a positive t...
The bear-hug test is performed with the hand on the contralateral hip; subscapularis tears cause dec...
The bear-hug test is performed with the hand on the opposite shoulder, elbow forward, and the examin...
Increased passive external rotation compared to the contralateral side suggests subscapularis incomp...
Answer the questions to see explanations
Click T (True) or F (False) for each option