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Trauma
intermediate
X-Type

Anterior Process Calcaneus Fractures - Bifurcate Ligament Avulsion, Conservative Treatment and Surgical Indications

Foot and Ankle Trauma

A 28-year-old athlete presents with lateral foot pain after a forced inversion and plantarflexion injury sustained 3 weeks ago. Initially diagnosed as an ankle sprain, but pain persists. Clinical examination shows tenderness over the anterior process of calcaneus (anterior to lateral malleolus). Lateral X-ray shows a small fracture of the anterior process. Which of the following statements about anterior process calcaneus fractures are TRUE?

Mark each as TRUE or FALSE

A

Anterior process fractures result from bifurcate ligament avulsion (calcaneonavicular and calcaneocu...

B

Conservative treatment with immobilization achieves good results (85-90%) in most cases

C

Lateral meniscus surgery compared to medial has better outcomes and surgical excision is first-line ...

D

These fractures are often initially misdiagnosed as ankle sprains (30-40% of cases) due to similar m...

E

Excision is acceptable for small symptomatic fragments (under 25% of process) with persistent pain o...

Answer the questions to see explanations

Click T (True) or F (False) for each option