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OrthoVellum

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Oncology
intermediate
X-Type

Enchondroma Treatment - Differentiation from Chondrosarcoma and Management

Cartilage Tumours

A 42-year-old woman presents with an incidentally discovered lesion in her proximal humerus found on shoulder radiographs for unrelated trauma. The lesion shows central medullary location with stippled calcification, well-defined margins, and less than 50% endosteal scalloping. She has no pain at rest. A second patient, a 55-year-old man, has a similar lesion in his pelvis but reports deep aching pain at night. The oncology surgeon discusses the different management approaches based on location and clinical features. Regarding enchondroma diagnosis and treatment:

Mark each as TRUE or FALSE

A

Enchondromas are benign cartilage tumours most commonly found in the small bones of the hands (60%);...

B

Features suggesting malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma include pain at rest or night (most i...

C

All enchondromas require immediate surgical excision because they inevitably transform to chondrosar...

D

Enchondromas in the hand have very low malignant potential (less than 1%) and can be safely observed...

E

Ollier disease (multiple enchondromatosis) and Maffucci syndrome (enchondromas with soft tissue haem...

Answer the questions to see explanations

Click T (True) or F (False) for each option