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Glomus Tumor (Fingernail Tumor Causing Severe Pain)

A glomus tumor is a small benign (non-cancerous) vascular tumor, most commonly occurring under the fingernail (subungual), causing a classic triad of symptoms: severe localized pinpoint pain, extreme sensitivity to cold (touching cold objects causes excruciating pain), and exquisite point tenderness when pressing on the affected spot. Despite being tiny (usually 2-5mm), these tumors cause disproportionate pain that often disrupts sleep and significantly affects quality of life, sometimes for years before diagnosis. Treatment is surgical removal of the tumor, which is curative in 90%+ of cases with immediate pain relief, though 10-15% recur if tumor not completely excised.

📅Last reviewed: January 2025🏥Bones & Joints

📖What is Glomus Tumor (Fingernail Tumor Causing Severe Pain)?

A glomus tumor is a small benign (non-cancerous) vascular tumor, most commonly occurring under the fingernail (subungual), causing a classic triad of symptoms: severe localized pinpoint pain, extreme sensitivity to cold (touching cold objects causes excruciating pain), and exquisite point tenderness when pressing on the affected spot. Despite being tiny (usually 2-5mm), these tumors cause disproportionate pain that often disrupts sleep and significantly affects quality of life, sometimes for years before diagnosis. Treatment is surgical removal of the tumor, which is curative in 90%+ of cases with immediate pain relief, though 10-15% recur if tumor not completely excised.

🔬What Causes It?

  • Unknown cause - glomus tumors arise from glomus bodies (specialized blood vessel structures that regulate temperature)
  • Not related to trauma or injury
  • Benign overgrowth of glomus cells
  • Rarely familial (inherited)

⚠️Risk Factors

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You may be at higher risk if:

  • Women slightly more affected than men (60% vs 40%)
  • Most common age 30-50 years
  • No known modifiable risk factors

🛡️Prevention

  • No known prevention (unknown cause)
  • Early diagnosis and treatment prevents years of unnecessary pain