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Evidence. Clarity. Practice.

© 2026 OrthoVellum. For educational purposes only.

Not medical advice. Verify clinically important information against current local guidance.

Back to Research
Level IVMust KnowArthroplastyCase Series

Evidence brief

Charnley Low Friction Arthroplasty

Arthroplasty of the Hip: A New Operation

Authors
Charnley J
Journal
Lancet
Year
1961

Key Findings

  • 1

    Introduced the low friction arthroplasty concept

  • 2

    Small femoral head (22.25mm) to reduce friction and wear

  • 3

    High-density polyethylene bearing surface

  • 4

    Acrylic cement fixation

  • 5

    Established principles still used today

Clinical Implications

Charnley's work established the foundation for modern total hip arthroplasty. The principles of low friction arthroplasty, cement fixation technique, and bearing surface design remain relevant 60+ years later.

Teaching Note

Historical context question: Know Charnley's contributions - low friction concept, small head (22.25mm), HDPE, cement fixation. Understand why small heads were chosen (friction, volumetric wear) and modern evolution to larger heads with improved polyethylene.

Citation

Charnley J. Arthroplasty of the hip: a new operation. Lancet. 1961;1(7187):1129-1132.

PubMed

Evidence Level

IV

Level IV

Case series or case reports

Topics

total hip arthroplastylow frictioncementedlandmarkhistorical

Related Topics

  • Total Hip Arthroplasty
  • Bearing Surfaces
  • Cemented Fixation

External Links

View on PubMed

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Two-Stage Exchange Protocol

Insall JN (1983)

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II

Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene

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III

Metal-on-Metal Complications

Pandit H (2008)