Evidence brief
Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Treatment Options
Campanacci classification: I, II, III based on cortical involvement
Intralesional curettage with adjuvants standard
Adjuvants: phenol, liquid nitrogen, hydrogen peroxide, cement
Recurrence 15-25% with curettage
Denosumab emerging for difficult cases
Extended curettage with adjuvants is standard for most GCT. Wide resection reserved for expendable bones or recurrence. Denosumab has revolutionized management of advanced cases.
Know Campanacci grades: I (well-defined margins), II (cortical expansion), III (cortical breach/soft tissue). Treatment: extended curettage + adjuvant + cement or bone graft. Wide excision: expendable bones (fibula, distal ulna), multiple recurrences. Denosumab role: neoadjuvant, unresectable, sacral.
Campanacci M et al. Giant-cell tumor of bone. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1987;69(1):106-114.
Level III
Retrospective comparative study or case-control study