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Evidence. Clarity. Practice.

© 2026 OrthoVellum. For educational purposes only.

Not medical advice. Verify clinically important information against current local guidance.

Back to Research
Level IVMust KnowFoot & AnkleClassification System

Evidence brief

Charcot Foot Management

Charcot Neuroarthropathy: Staging and Management

Authors
Eichenholtz SN
Journal
Charcot Joints
Year
1966

Key Findings

  • 1

    Stage 0 (Prodromal): swelling, warmth, normal X-ray

  • 2

    Stage I (Development): fragmentation, subluxation

  • 3

    Stage II (Coalescence): absorption of debris, healing

  • 4

    Stage III (Reconstruction): consolidation, remodeling

  • 5

    Offloading critical in active disease

Clinical Implications

Eichenholtz staging guides Charcot foot management. Active disease (Stage I) requires aggressive offloading; surgery typically deferred until coalescence.

Teaching Note

Must know Eichenholtz stages. Key: differentiate acute Charcot (hot, swollen) from infection. MRI helps distinguish. Treatment: total contact cast or walker boot until coalescence. Surgical indications: instability, rocker-bottom deformity preventing bracing, ulceration. Understand Sanders/Frykberg classification for anatomic location.

Citation

Eichenholtz SN. Charcot Joints. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas; 1966.

Evidence Level

IV

Level IV

Case series or case reports

Topics

Charcotneuropathydiabetesstaging

Related Topics

  • Charcot Neuroarthropathy
  • Diabetic Neuropathy
  • Diabetic Foot

External Links

Related Papers

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Johnson KA (1989)

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Willits K (2010)

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Bauer M (1985)

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Hallux Valgus Surgery

Robinson AH (2005)